9.3.6 SMALLINT

The JDBC type SMALLINT represents a 16-bit signed integer value between -32768 and 32767.
The corresponding SQL type, SMALLINT, is defined in SQL-92 and is supported by all the major databases. The SQL-92 standard leaves the precision of SMALLINT up to the implementation, but in practice, all the major databases support at least 16 bits.
The recommended Java mapping for the JDBC SMALLINT type is as a Java short.